In what year was Jerusalem captured by crusaders during the First Crusade?

The story behind the answer

Jerusalem was taken on 15 July 1099 after a grueling seven-week siege. The crusading host, launched by Pope Urban II’s 1095 call, had seized Nicaea (1097) and Antioch (1098) before reaching the Holy City. Genoese sailors who landed at Jaffa supplied timber and engineers to build siege towers, enabling the final assault over the walls.

The capture triggered a notorious sack and led to the creation of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Godfrey of Bouillon refused a royal crown, styling himself “Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre,” while his brother Baldwin was crowned the following year. The victory fixed the First Crusade’s success and reshaped Near Eastern politics for decades, setting the stage for counter-campaigns by Muslim powers and later crusades.