Who was the famous Jewish philosopher from Córdoba in the 12th century?

The story behind the answer

Born in Córdoba in 1138, this towering Jewish thinker and legal scholar wrote the Mishneh Torah, a comprehensive code of Jewish law, and The Guide for the Perplexed, which sought to harmonize Aristotelian philosophy with biblical faith. Forced to flee al-Andalus after the Almohad conquest, he settled in Egypt, became a renowned physician in Cairo, and shaped Jewish practice and thought for centuries.

By contrast, Ibn Rushd (Averroes) was a Muslim philosopher; Judah Halevi was a poet-philosopher more associated with Toledo and Zion-focused theology; and Abraham ibn Daud, though also a 12th-century Jewish philosopher from Córdoba, had a more limited influence. The figure here became the preeminent medieval Jewish legal authority and philosopher.