Which of the following presidents is not on Mount Rushmore?

The story behind the answer

John F. Kennedy is not on Mount Rushmore. The monument depicts George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt, carved in South Dakota’s Black Hills (1927–1941) by sculptor Gutzon Borglum. Each represents a national theme: Washington (founding), Jefferson (expansion via the Louisiana Purchase), Lincoln (preservation of the Union), and Roosevelt (development and conservation).

Kennedy’s presidency (1961–1963) came long after the sculpture was completed, so he wasn’t considered. Memory tip: think “W-J-L-T”—Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, Teddy—or remember that all four predate the TV era; JFK was the quintessential television-age president, and he’s not on the mountain.