Which mortal challenged Athena to a weaving contest and was turned into a spider?

The story behind the answer

Arachne is correct. In myth, the gifted mortal weaver boasted she could outdo Athena, goddess of crafts. They held a weaving contest: Arachne daringly depicted the gods’ misdeeds, enraging Athena, who destroyed the tapestry. Despairing, Arachne tried to hang herself; Athena transformed her into a spider so she would weave forever. The term “arachnid” for spiders comes from her name.

Remember it this way: Arachne → arachnid → spider. By contrast, Niobe bragged about her children and was turned to stone, Medusa was transformed into a Gorgon with snake hair, and Pandora opened the fateful jar (box) of evils.