What do we call a medieval map that often shows the world in a simple symbolic way?

The story behind the answer

These medieval world maps depicted the oikoumene in a schematic, theological frame rather than precise scale. Typically a T-O design divided Asia, Europe, and Africa; east at the top; Jerusalem at the center; populated with biblical scenes, classical lore, and monstrous races. They were meant to convey salvation history and a universal order, not to guide travel.

Famous examples include the Hereford and Ebstorf maps, which functioned as visual encyclopedias in cathedral settings. They differ from portolan charts, practical coastal pilots for mariners, and from terms like orbis terrarum or geographia universalis, which point to classical or humanist geographical traditions rather than this medieval cartographic genre.