What is the medieval term for the Muslim ruler in Al-Andalus often called?

The story behind the answer

In Al-Andalus, rulers commonly bore the Arabic title amir (emir), meaning “commander,” reflecting both military leadership and political sovereignty. The Umayyads of Córdoba styled themselves Emirs from 756 until 929, when Abd al-Rahman III elevated his title to Caliph; many later taifa rulers also used amir.

By contrast, sultan became a prominent sovereign title in the eastern Islamic world (e.g., the Seljuks), wali referred to a provincial governor serving under a higher authority, and vizier was a chief minister, not the ruler. A fun linguistic echo: “admiral” derives from amir al-bahr, “commander of the sea.”