What do we call the large public punishment device made of wood for hands/head?

The story behind the answer

These hinged wooden boards were set in town squares to immobilize offenders for public shaming. While best known for clamping the ankles, some versions added hand holes or were combined with a neck brace, and records often blurred their name with the pillory—so in practice they could match the “hands/head” setup described.

They targeted petty crimes like drunkenness, cheating at trade, or creating a public nuisance, inviting townsfolk to jeer or pelt the culprit with refuse. Unlike a scaffold (execution platform) or a gibbet (for displaying bodies), they were meant to humiliate, not kill. The pillory specifically fixed head and hands, but communities sometimes used the terms and devices interchangeably, and local designs varied widely across the Middle Ages and early modern period.